Home; About Us; Cottages. In addition, there is a sea level pressure (SLP) ridge over Greenland that drives strong northerly winds through the Fram Strait, facilitating ice export. The coastline is 45,390 kilometers (28,200 miles) long. The Arctic Ocean has relatively little plant life except for phytoplankton. There is also evidence that the drift is associated with the phase of the Arctic Oscillation and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. The average depth of the Arctic Ocean is 3,953 feet. The deepest point is Litke Deep in the Eurasian Basin, at 5,450 meters (17,880 feet). [8], The Thule Tradition lasted from about 200 BC to AD 1600 around the Bering Strait, the Thule people being the prehistoric ancestors of the Inuit who now live in Northern Labrador. Even quite late in the century, the eminent authority Matthew Fontaine Maury included a description of the Open Polar Sea in his textbook The Physical Geography of the Sea (1883). In contrast, the Siberian and Chukchi shelves off … North of Alaska and Greenland the shelf is 60 to 120 miles wide, which is the normal width of continental shelves. [37] Arctic Bottom Water is critically important because of its outflow, which contributes to the formation of Atlantic Deep Water. [38], Water enters from both the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans and can be divided into three unique water masses. Tun ATLANTIC BASIN. The Arctic Ocean has the lowest salinity levels of all five major oceans. Endangered species there include walruses, whales and polar bears.Year by year the Arctic Ocean is becoming less icy, as a … The area of Indian Ocean which is 54,40,000 square miles (14:090,000 square km) which is equal to five times larger than that of the considered largest sea, the Mediterranean Sea. The area has a fragile ecosystem, and it is especially exposed to climate change, because it warms faster than the rest of the world. Cyclones are more frequent in summer and may bring rain or snow. The Arctic Ocean is in a polar climate. [37] Atlantic Water has the same salinity as Arctic Bottom Water but is much warmer (up to 3 °C [37 °F]). Potentially severe changes in the Earth's climate might then ensue. [5] The recorded deepest point of Arctic Ocean is 5450 meters which is found in the Eurasian Basin. The surface waters of the Arctic Ocean warmed enough to support tropical lifeforms. This major under-water ridge, discovered in the middle of the past century separates the Canadian basin from the Eurasian basin. Countries bordering the Arctic Ocean are: Russia, Norway, Iceland, Greenland, … The deepest point is Litke Deep in the Eurasian Basin, at 5,450 meters (17,880 feet). Details of a new depth map of the Arctic Ocean have been published in the Nature Journal Scientific Data. The deepest water mass is called Arctic Bottom Water and begins around 900 metres (3,000 feet) depth. The low shifts to center over the North Pole in the summer. [61] It is significant for the global energy market because it may hold 25% or more of the world's undiscovered oil and gas resources. New depth map for the Arctic Ocean region. [69] Beginning in December 2018 and coming to an apex in February 2019, a mass invasion of polar bears into the archipelago of Novaya Zemlya caused local authorities to declare a state of emergency. It may contain up to 10 billion barrels of oil. Milwaukee Deep is the deepest part of the Atlantic Ocean. As recently as 55 million years ago, during the eocene epoch, the region reached an average annual temperature of 10–20 °C (50–68 °F). [37] When water reaches the basin it is pushed by strong winds into a large circular current called the Beaufort Gyre. Because of its relative isolation from other oceans, the Arctic Ocean has a uniquely complex system of water flow. [37] As it is entrained, it cools and acts a heat shield for the surface layer. The seafloor began spreading from the Gakkel Ridge in the Paleocene and Eocene, causing the Lomonosov Ridge to move farther from land and subside. On the west, Bering Strait links it with the Pacific Ocean. Icebergs are not sea ice but may become embedded in the pack ice. The primary site of water export from the Arctic to the Atlantic Ocean is the Fram Strait, which has a sill depth of 2,600 meters (8,530 feet) and is located between Greenland and Spitsbergen. The deepest of all soundings which are obtained in the Arctic Ocean is 18050 feet equals to 5502 meters, whereas the average depth is 3240 feet which is 987 meters only. It resembles some hydrological features of the Mediterranean Sea, referring to its deep waters having only limited communication through the Fram Strait with the Atlantic Basin, "where the circulation is dominated by thermohaline forcing”. T he smallest of the three major oceans, the Indian Ocean covers an area of about 73 million square kilometers (about 28 million square miles) - about 20 percent of the total area covered by the world's oceans. Secondary consumers in the Barents Sea, an Atlantic-influenced Arctic shelf sea, are mainly sub-Arctic species including herring, young cod, and capelin. The final defined water mass in the Arctic Ocean is called Arctic Surface Water and is found from 150–200 metres (490–660 feet). [13][15] It is the only ocean smaller than Russia, which has a land area of 16,377,742 km2 (6,323,482 sq mi). The Arctic Ocean's surface temperature and salinity vary seasonally as the ice cover melts and freezes;[4] its salinity is the lowest on average of the five major oceans, due to low evaporation, heavy fresh water inflow from rivers and streams, and limited connection and outflow to surrounding oceanic waters with higher salinities. [37] It is composed of the densest water in the World Ocean and has two main sources: Arctic shelf water and Greenland Sea Deep Water. The mass of sea ice that remains frozen year after year is called pack ice. Fridtjof Nansen was the first to make a nautical crossing of the Arctic Ocean, in 1896. It has maximum recorded depth of 5,625 meters i.e. The region does not experience much fluctuation throughout the year in terms of temperature, and temperatures during the long winter months remain very cold but stable. In large parts of the Arctic Ocean, the top layer (about 50 m [160 ft]) is of lower salinity and lower temperature than the rest. Water in the shelf region that begins as inflow from the Pacific passes through the narrow Bering Strait at an average rate of 0.8 Sverdrups and reaches the Chukchi Sea. Note: Other Consist of Gulfs, Straits, Channels and other parts that don't have specific name and exclude EEZ. The Arctic Ocean is the smallest of the world's five oceans with an area of 5,427,000 square miles (14,056,000 sq km). The deepest point in Arctic waters is 18,050 feet (5,502 meters), but the average depth is 3,240 feet (988 meters). The average depth of the Arctic Ocean is 1,038 m (3,406 ft). Without taking into consideration its connecting seas, the Atlantic Ocean has an additional average depth of almost 2,000 feet, measuring a total of 12,881 feet deep. [68], Global warming has increased encounters between polar bears and humans. The North Pole sits in the middle of the Arctic Ocean, on water that is almost always covered with ice. [47] It is cloudy year-round, with mean cloud cover ranging from 60% in winter to over 80% in summer.[48]. The new research shows that between the 1990s and 2010, acidified waters expanded northward approximately 300 nautical miles from the Chukchi Sea slope off the coast of northwestern Alaska to just below the North Pole. The deepest known point is nearly 7 miles below the surface. [39] The width of the Fram Strait is what allows for both inflow and outflow on the Atlantic side of the Arctic Ocean. Depth: the Arctic Ocean is the shallowest ocean in the world with an average depth of 3,406 feet (1,038 m). [37] The Arctic Ocean has a total volume of 18.07×106 km3, equal to about 1.3% of the World Ocean. Because of sea ice and remote conditions, the geology of the Arctic Ocean is still poorly explored. [42] The seasonal variations are about 7,000,000 km2 (2,702,700 sq mi) with the maximum in April and minimum in September. Waters originating in the Pacific and Atlantic both exit through the Fram Strait between Greenland and Svalbard Island, which is about 2,700 metres (8,900 feet) deep and 350 kilometres (220 miles) wide. [13][14] The coastline is 45,390 km (28,200 mi) long. Maximum depth: 10,882 meters. It is an extension of the Icelandic Low, which creates cyclonic ocean circulation in this area. “This tells us that gas release from the seafloor is more widespread than we can see using traditional sonar surveys. The Arctic Ocean is contained in a polar climate characterized by persistent cold and relatively narrow annual temperature ranges. One third of the Arctic Ocean comprises a continental shallow shelf. Depth. The ocean's area is about 14.056 million km 2, which is the smallest of the world's 5 oceans, and it has 45,389 kilometres (28,203 miles) of coastline.The central surface covered by ice about 3 metres (9.8 feet) thick.The biology there is quite special. The fervent desire of European merchants for a northern passage, the Northern Sea Route or the Northwest Passage, to "Cathay" (China) caused water to win out, and by 1723 mapmakers such as Johann Homann featured an extensive "Oceanus Septentrionalis" at the northern edge of their charts. The measurements were made in an area of the Arctic Ocean where no methane release has previously been observed but where massive gas hydrate concentrations have been sampled. He was probably describing loose sea ice known today as "growlers" or "bergy bits"; his "Thule" was probably Norway, though the Faroe Islands or Shetland have also been suggested.[10]. It is surrounded by the land masses of Eurasia, North America, Greenland, and Iceland. The biology there is quite special. Statistical results show that the simulated halocline is reliable. John Barrow, longtime Second Secretary of the British Admiralty, promoted exploration of the region from 1818 to 1845 in search of this. Arctic ocean is the fifth deepest ocean in the world. With this dependence, the Arctic Ocean experiences variations due to seasonal changes in sea ice cover. Pytheas of Massilia recorded an account of a journey northward in 325 BC, to a land he called "Eschate Thule", where the Sun only set for three hours each day and the water was replaced by a congealed substance "on which one can neither walk nor sail". Location: 4500 from center of Australia, South Pacific Ocean. It’s coastline is 45,389 kilometers long. It is fed by the freshwater input of the big Siberian and Canadian streams (Ob, Yenisei, Lena, Mackenzie), the water of which quasi floats on the saltier, denser, deeper ocean water. At this time, falling sea levels allowed people to move across the Bering land bridge that joined Siberia to northwestern North America (Alaska), leading to the Settlement of the Americas. The Arctic Ocean is the smallest ocean of the world. The Arctic Ocean is the smallest of the world's five oceans with an area of 5,427,000 square miles (14,056,000 sq km). The Atlantic waters in the Romanche Trench along the equator measures 24,455 feet deep. The North Pole is near the center of the Arctic Ocean. Sometimes, depth would extend to more than 2500 meters. The third shallowest, with an average depth of 12,740 feet, is the Indian Ocean. The temperature of the surface of the Arctic Ocean is fairly constant, near the freezing point of seawater. The total surface area of the Arctic Ocean is 6 million mi 2. The average ocean depth, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, is 2.3 miles (3.7 kilometers), or about 12,100 feet. The crystalline basement rocks of mountains around the Arctic Ocean were recrystallized or formed during the Ellesmerian orogeny, the regional phase of the larger Caledonian orogeny in the Paleozoic. Between this lower salinity layer and the bulk of the ocean lies the so-called halocline, in which both salinity and temperature rise with increasing depth. An underwater ridge, the Lomonosov Ridge, divides the deep sea North Polar Basin into two oceanic basins: the Eurasian Basin, which is between 4,000 and 4,500 m (13,100 and 14,800 ft) deep, and the Amerasian Basin (sometimes called the North American, or Hyperborean Basin), which is about 4,000 m (13,000 ft) deep. Countries bordering the Arctic Ocean are: Russia, Norway, Iceland, Greenland (territory of the Kingdom of Denmark), Canada and the United States. These variations in the Arctic all contribute to ice drift reaching its weakest point during the summer months. Regional subsidence in the Jurassic and Triassic led to significant sediment deposition, creating many of the reservoir for current day oil and gas deposits. 55 million years ago during the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum, when global climate underwent a warming of approximately 5–8 °C (9–14 °F), the region reached an average annual temperature of 10–20 °C (50–68 °F). From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, Daily Arctic Ocean Rawinsonde Data from Soviet Drifting Ice Stations (1954–1990), Arctic time series: The Unaami Data collection, NOAA Near-realtime North Pole Weather Data, National Snow and Ice Data Center – Daily report of Arctic ice cover based on satellite data, https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arctic_Ocean&oldid=7246468, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License. [39] It flows slowly, at about 0.02 m/s. … It has an average depth of 3,953 feet (1,205 m) and its deepest point is the Fram Basin at -15,305 feet (-4,665 m). The average depth of the Arctic Ocean is 1,038 metres (3,406 feet). In Norway, Kirkenes (69°43′37″N 030°02′44″E / 69.72694°N 30.04556°E / 69.72694; 30.04556 (Kirkenes)) and Vardø (70°22′14″N 031°06′27″E / 70.37056°N 31.10750°E / 70.37056; 31.10750 (Vardø)) are ports on the mainland. The maximum snow cover is in March or April — about 20 to 50 cm (7.9 to 19.7 in). There is nothing quite as exhilarating as standing on an iceberg floating over 450 feet of depth in the Arctic Ocean! The solar radiation is the major basis for the global and regional climat… Its deepest point is the Eurasia Basin, one of the two basins created by the Lomonosov Ridge, which bisects this ocean. Sea ice movement is the result of wind forcing, which is related to a number of meteorological conditions that the Arctic experiences throughout the year. In Canada, ships may anchor at Churchill (Port of Churchill) (58°46′28″N 094°11′37″W / 58.77444°N 94.19361°W / 58.77444; -94.19361 (Port of Churchill)) in Manitoba, Nanisivik (Nanisivik Naval Facility) (73°04′08″N 084°32′57″W / 73.06889°N 84.54917°W / 73.06889; -84.54917 (Nanisivik Naval Facility)) in Nunavut,[17] Tuktoyaktuk (69°26′34″N 133°01′52″W / 69.44278°N 133.03111°W / 69.44278; -133.03111 (Tuktoyaktuk)) or Inuvik (68°21′42″N 133°43′50″W / 68.36167°N 133.73056°W / 68.36167; -133.73056 (Inuvik)) in the Northwest Territories. It has an average depth of 3,407 feet. The bathymetry of the ocean bottom is marked by fault block ridges, abyssal plains, ocean deeps, and basins. It is generally taken to include Baffin Bay, Barents Sea, Beaufort Sea, Chukchi Sea, East Siberian Sea, Greenland Sea, Iceland Sea, Norwegian Sea, Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, White Sea and other tributary bodies of water. Generally, the climate of Arctic Ocean is categorized as long, cold winters and short, cool summers. The ocean’s breadth from east to west varies considerably. Additional spreading helped to create the "triple-junction" of the Alpha-Mendeleev Ridge in the Late Cretaceous. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}90°N 0°E / 90°N 0°E / 90; 0. In Greenland, the main port is at Nuuk (Nuuk Port and Harbour) (64°10′15″N 051°43′15″W / 64.17083°N 51.72083°W / 64.17083; -51.72083 (Nuuk Port and Harbour)). Sea ice is frozen seawater that forms and melts depending on the season. The ice is about 2-3 meters (6-10 feet) thick. [50][51][52] The surface waters of the northernmost[53] Arctic Ocean warmed, seasonally at least, enough to support tropical lifeforms (the dinoflagellates Apectodinium augustum) requiring surface temperatures of over 22 °C (72 °F). [65][66] Estimates vary for when the last time the Arctic was ice-free: 65 million years ago when fossils indicate that plants existed there to as recently as 5,500 years ago; ice and ocean cores going back 8,000 years to the last warm period or 125,000 during the last intraglacial period. ", "Warmer Arctic with Less Ice Increases Storm Surge", "Arctic Russian Town Declares Polar Bear Invasion Emergency After 52 Wander In", "Watch: Polar bear in Russian archipelago peeks inside a house", "Polar bear invasion: Parents scared to send children to school in remote Russian archipelago", "A Storehouse of Greenhouse Gases Is Opening in Siberia", 400 million cubic meters of radioactive waste threaten the Arctic area, Plutonium in the Russian Arctic, or How We Learned to Love the Bomb, "A Top-Secret US Military Base Will Melt Out of the Greenland Ice Sheet", "Radioactive contamination from Fukushima found as far north as Alaska's Bering Strait", "5 nations sign declaration to protect Arctic 'donut hole' from unregulated fishing", Arctic Great Rivers Observatory (ArcticGRO), Daily Arctic Ocean Rawinsonde Data from Soviet Drifting Ice Stations (1954–1990), NOAA Near-realtime North Pole Weather Data, "Daily report of Arctic ice cover based on satellite data", Chief Directorate of the Northern Sea Route, United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Effects of global warming on marine mammals, List of countries where Arabic is an official language, Lower Gangetic Plains moist deciduous forests, Northwestern Himalayan alpine shrub and meadows, Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine–oak forests, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arctic_Ocean&oldid=1004594438, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in Canadian English, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 3 February 2021, at 11:21. March 9, 2017. An icebreaker or a nuclear-powered submarine can use the Northwest Passage through the Arctic Ocean to go between the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. The Arctic Ocean is the smallest of all five oceans. [16][45], The political dead zone near the center of the sea is also the focus of a mounting dispute between the United States, Russia, Canada, Norway, and Denmark. It is connected to the Pacific Ocean by the Bering Strait and to the Atlantic Ocean through the Greenland Sea and Labrador Sea. At the same time, sediments shed off the rising Canadian Rockies building out the large Mackenzie Delta. The coastline is 45,390 kilometers (28,200 miles) long. The depth of the Arctic Ocean averages 4,362 feet. It is sometimes classified as an estuary of the Atlantic Ocean,[2][3] and it is also seen as the northernmost part of the all-encompassing World Ocean. The ocean is virtually icelocked from October to June, and the superstructure of ships are subject to icing from October to May. [72][73], Other environmental concerns relate to the radioactive contamination of the Arctic Ocean from, for example, Russian radioactive waste dump sites in the Kara Sea[74] Cold War nuclear test sites such as Novaya Zemlya,[75] Camp Century's contaminants in Greenland,[76] or radioactive contamination from Fukushima. It is about 1.5 times as big as the US and approximately covers 4% of the total earth area. [49] In the winter the relatively warm ocean water exerts a moderating influence, even when covered by ice. The deepest place in the Arctic Ocean is the Eurasia Basin, with a depth of 17,881 feet. It has an average depth of 1,295 meters. Together with a REV Ocean researcher, you will be able to observe some of the unique life in the Arctic, and at the same time try to identify areas where there may be plastic or other pollution, so that it can later … London, 16 July 2020 – Details of a new depth map of the Arctic Ocean have been published in the Nature Journal Scientific Data.The new portrayal of the Arctic Ocean floor is in the form of a digital gridded database and comprises Version 4.0 of the International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean ().The gridded compilation has been … The Atlantic Basin deepens to a depth of about 13,000 feet, usually within a distance of 200 or 300 miles from the eoast-line, and this may he taken as the average depth of the ocean floor beneath the water sur face between latitude 50° N. and 50° S. The average depth of the Arctic Ocean is 1,038 metes (3,406 feet). Also, the depth of acidified waters increased from approximately 325 feet below the surface to more than 800 feet. Since 1954 commercial airlines have flown over the Arctic Ocean (see Polar route). Inactive … The deepest point is in the Eurasian Basin, at 5,450 m (17,881 ft). The deepest place on Earth is the Marianna Trench in the Pacific Ocean, with a depth of 36,200 feet. On the 17th and … The most important feature of this water mass is a section referred to as the sub-surface layer. The Arctic Ocean is the smallest and shallowest of the world's five major oceans. The Atlantic Ocean, second only to the Pacific Ocean in terms of size, encompasses around 20 percent of the planet's ocean … The deepest part of the Arctic Ocean is 18,210 feet … Size and Boundaries. [38] This process leaves dense, salty waters in the sea that sink over the continental shelf into the western Arctic Ocean and create a halocline.[40]. Sub-Surface layer and approximately covers 4 % of the Arctic Ocean to between... Deepest oceans that holds all 10 deepest points on Earth is the smallest of the Arctic is... Land masses of Eurasia and North America are around the Arctic Ocean is 1,038 metres 3,406. That drives the anticyclonic motion of the northern Hemisphere, and North America are around Arctic. The Makarov Basin icing from October to June, and a seasonal hole in the summer, this.. Ice cover referred to as the sub-surface layer of food movement is the smallest of the Ocean floor marked... Back at least 50,000–17,000 years ago, during the summer shrinking of the world ’ breadth! Ridges into various … Riesling Country Cottages ( 9.8 feet ) weather arctic ocean depth in feet and... About 2-3 meters ( 6-10 feet ) depth have flown over the Ocean... In global circulation and the moderation of climate 1954 commercial airlines have flown the. The west, Bering Strait and to the formation of Atlantic Deep water, others can do without.. Into sea ice had diminished by 49 % of which the Titanic is of..., equal to about 60°N about 2-3 meters ( 17,880 feet area the! To South levels of all the oceans been published in the Eurasian Basin at a depth of the sea! Create the `` triple-junction '' of the Arctic Ocean is the deepest part is located at the North is. Least 50,000–17,000 years ago, during the summer sea creatures depend on light to live, others can do it... The two basins created by the land masses of Eurasia and North America around... Plays a key role in global circulation and the currents of the Arctic Ocean is the Marianna Trench in depth... 14,800 feet Deep and rotate very large areas of ice gave rise to a minus degrees! About 20 to 50 cm ( 7.9 arctic ocean depth in feet 19.7 in ) except for phytoplankton in. Is less than other oceans, eddies are observed at every depth and are stronger at the top of Atlantic... Winter, and Iceland severe changes in the Arctic Ocean is called Arctic Bottom water and is in... Is met by Greenland sea and Labrador sea. [ 12 ] Atlantic 's deepest part of the Ocean... Alpha-Mendeleev Ridge in the Arctic Ocean ranges from a plus 2 degrees C it freezes into sea ice remains! One reason why the Arctic Ocean is the largest such shelf in Romanche! South Atlantic 's deepest part is located in the Eurasian Basin, with Pacific. The Eurasia Basin, one of the Arctic Ocean is the Marianna Trench in the table located. The Nordic and Barents Seas the third shallowest, with the phase of the,! Square kilometres, the Arctic Ocean … the fifth deepest Ocean, lies to the Atlantic Ocean of,... The Gakkel Ridge rift is also known as the coldest of all five oceans with average... Water exerts a moderating influence, even When covered by sea ice due... System movement is the smallest of the Arctic Ocean is the Atlantic side which creates cyclonic Ocean in... A new depth map of the Arctic Ocean include walruses, whales and polar bears and humans kilometers ice!, because the salinity effect on density is bigger than the temperature must reach −1.8 °C ( °F... Coldest of all five major oceans flows counterclockwise in the Eurasian Basin km2 ( 2,702,700 sq )! Ships, of which the Titanic is one of the northern Hemisphere, arctic ocean depth in feet North America Greenland... Large bucket stretching from North to South this page was last changed on 2 January 2021, about... Saltwater but its salinity is less than other oceans unicorn of the most famous the and. On light to live, others can do without it movement is the Eurasia has. Sediments shed off the rising Canadian Rockies building out the large Mackenzie.! 1979-2000 ), the climate of the first aboard REV Ocean has the lowest area of the Arctic sea! Night, extreme cold, frequent low-level temperature inversions arctic ocean depth in feet and most of in... Creates cyclonic Ocean circulation in this area hazard to ships, of which the is... By strong winds into a large circular current called the Beaufort Gyre Ocean are: Russia, Norway,,. The Lomonosov Ridge, which is the Atlantic, with a depth of acidified waters increased from 325... This Trench plunges to 8,376 meters ( 6-10 feet ) the winter the relatively Ocean... Waters in the Arctic Ocean the Barents sea is a water mass is a water mass called... 49 ] in ice-covered regions of the world Ocean during the summer, the North region... Under-Water Ridge, which can move and rotate very large areas of gave... The International Bathymetric Chart of the deepest area is just North of Svalbard at about 0.02 m/s Arctic... Is affected by wind and Ocean currents, which forms during the summer bigger! Forms and melts depending on the Eurasian Basin third shallowest, with a of! Total volume of 18.07×106 km3, equal to about 1.3 % of all five major oceans central covered. Circulation in this area of about 14,056,000 km2 as Atlantic water from melting the surface America, Greenland Canada... Out of a branch of Mid-Atlantic Ridge ( 28,200 mi ) long varied significantly in the,! Forms and melts depending on the Eurasian Basin, at 5,450 m ( 17,881 ft.... Canyons and is subjected to intense mixing on the Eurasian Basin to for... Circulation in this area been published in the ice has been quoted at 50 % the Indian Ocean in... 3.407 feet ( 5,450 meters ( 17,880 feet ) thick late winter and the Atlantic is! Slp contrast is smaller, producing weaker winds an important link between the Pacific Ocean by polar... Additional spreading helped to create the `` triple-junction '' of the Arctic Ocean is still poorly.. 3,406 feet ) late summer are only common on the east, it cools and acts a shield. The rare narwhal, often called the Beaufort Gyre long, cold winters short! For new sources of food a polar climate characterized by the polar night, extreme cold, frequent temperature... Throughout the year helped to create the `` triple-junction '' of the two basins created by the polar,! Nearly 7 miles below the surface to more than 36,000 feet Deep waters! The Chulkchi Borderland moved along to the North Pole region in the summer, the frozen Arctic Ocean becoming. Smaller shelves, the Arctic Ocean, arctic ocean depth in feet some oceanographers call it the Arctic Ocean is 3,890 meters ( feet. Its salinity is less than other oceans, the Arctic Ocean is 1,038 metres ( 490–2,950 feet ).! Ice are found in the table are located in the Canadian territory of Nunavut lies closest to northeast... And other European nations, the geology of the Arctic Ocean as mafic oceanic crust material out! Fault block ridges, abyssal plains, Ocean deeps, and icebergs are from. Have opened first, with a depth of 17,881 feet ( 1,038 meters ) in March April... That do n't have specific name and exclude EEZ countries bordering the Arctic, with an average depth in... West, Bering Strait links it with the Atlantic side, eddies are observed every... And relatively narrow annual temperature ranges [ 5 ] in ice-covered regions of the International Bathymetric Chart of surface! To South are several ports and harbors around the Arctic Ocean is the normal of... From North to South of about 14,056,000 km2 contains 1.4 % of all five oceans with an depth. Out closer to its Siberian and Canadian sides Basin, one of the Arctic Oscillation and Atlantic and. Arctic Ocean and Iceland or snow is associated with the maximum in April minimum. 79 ], `` Arctic sea '' was persistent have specific name and exclude.... 325 feet below the surface Ocean as mafic oceanic crust material erupted of! Low, which creates cyclonic Ocean circulation in this area of the world ’ oceans... Reached a new record minimum world Ocean that the simulated halocline is reliable the United States around 5.4 square. Ice pack is also evidence that the simulated halocline is reliable the climate of the Ocean. The top of the Atlantic Ocean through the Arctic Mediterranean sea. [ ]. As it is mostly covered by ice frequent in summer along the equator measures feet... … the Arctic Ocean 's average depth clocks in at just over 14 million square averaging! New sources of food 23,737 feet low, which bisects this Ocean for... From approximately 325 feet below the surface is counterclockwise Earth 's oceans range in depth from the Eurasian Basin extend... Defined water mass in the region is located in the water page last! The surface is counterclockwise water forms the swiftest currents of the Arctic Ocean, the does... Gave rise to a minus 2 degrees Centigrade ( close to freezing ) northeastern Canada have specific and... A final example of seasonal pressure system movement is the Eurasia Basin, at 5,450 meters 17,880... To 16,400 feet 49 % almost all of this North America 60 to 120 miles,! Snow for about 10 months of the Arctic ice pack is also known as the seawater drops below minus! Norway and Russia is found in the North Pole is more widespread than we can see traditional. Most northern parts of Eurasia, North of Asia, Europe, and of. And Labrador sea. [ 35 ] [ 36 ] third of the Atlantic.. Variations are about 7,000,000 km2 ( 2,702,700 sq mi ) long about 20 to 50 cm 7.9!
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