Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. A quote from „Messerschmitt Bf 109 in action, Part 2“, Page 52, squadron/signal publications: „The K-4 was armed with [two 13 mm cowl guns and] the deadly 30 mm cannon firing through the spinner. The great success and longevity of the Messerschmitt Bf 109 can be attributed to the simple directness of its design. The following variants of the G-14 were produced: Referred to as the "bastard aircraft of the Erla factory" in the Luftwaffe's Aircraft Variants Book of December 1944,[85] the G-10 was a Bf 109 G airframe combined with the new DB 605 D-2 engine,[Notes 3] created to maintain production levels with minimal disruption of the assembly lines until production of K-series airframes would reach sufficient levels. The wing was a low cantilever design fitted with flaps, while the canopy was enclosed, featuring retractable landing gear and a tailwheel, armed with machine guns and cannons. Two airframes are listed as delivered to II./JG52 under Major Wilhelm Batz in late spring of 1945, these being armed with only one 30 mm (1.18 in) cannon, but the type's existence cannot be positively confirmed. The Bf 109 remained comparable to opposing fighters until the end of the war but the deteriorating quality of the thousands of novice Luftwaffe pilots pressed into service by this stage of the war meant the 109's strengths were of little value against the numerous and well-trained Allied fighter pilots. [12], The E-7 was the next major production variant, entering service and seeing combat at the end of August 1940. Development was stopped in early 1942. The unit was renamed as 11./JG 11 as of 30 November 1943[34] and the Bf 109Ts remained in operation until the summer of 1944, after which some were used in training units in Germany. In order to reduce development time, various components from previous aircraft were to be used. Additional variants were produced abroad totalling in 34,852 Bf 109s built. Fuel from the drop tank was pumped to the internal fuel tank via a large fuel line that ran up and along the inside starboard wall of the cockpit, with a clear sight glass located in the fuel line's main span so the pilot could easily see the flow of fuel and know when the tank was empty. The fourth prototype, V24 VK+AB, W.Nr 5604, flew with the clipped wings but featured a modified, "elbow"-shaped supercharger air-intake, which was eventually adopted for production, and a deeper oil cooler bath beneath the cowling. Propeller pitch was changed electrically, and was regulated by a constant-speed unit, though a manual override was still provided. It was commonly referred to as the Me 109 after its designer, Willy Messerschmitt. The Rüstsatz kits were labelled with the letter "R" and a Roman numeral. [109] [Notes 6]. [65] Performance-wise it was identical to the G-1. Initially, two external stiffening plates were screwed onto the outer fuselage on each side, and later the entire structure was reinforced. The F-2 introduced the 15 mm Mauser MG 151 cannon with 200 rounds. The ASM engine was built with a larger capacity supercharger, and had a higher rated altitude, and correspondingly the top speed of the G-14/AS was 560 km/h (348 mph) at sea level, and 680 km/h (422 mph) at 7.5 km (24,600 ft) altitude. [46][47], As the DB 601 E was not yet available in numbers, the pre-production F-0 (the only F variant to have a rectangular supercharger intake) and the first production series F-1/F-2 received the 1,175 PS (1,159 hp, 864 kW) DB 601N engine driving a VDM 9-11207 propeller. This experimental aircraft was essentially two Bf 109F airframes joined together by means of a new wing centre section and new tailplane, both of constant chord, in a manner paralleled by the F-82 Twin Mustang. 'Bf' betyder Bayerischen Flugzeugwerken ((tysk): Bajerske flyfabrikker).Prototypen fløj i 1935 med en Rolls-Royce Kestrelmotor, da den tiltænkte Junkers Jumo 210-motor ikke var klar. [82] It represented an attempt to create a standard type, incorporating many changes which had been introduced during production of the G-6, and which led to a plethora of variants, plaguing decentralized mass production. The canopy reverted to one layer of glazing and incorporated the angled head armour used on the F-4, although several G-2 had the vertical type as fitted to the G-1. Armour weight was increased to 90 kg (200 lb). Developed from the V10 and V13 prototypes, the Bf 109D was the standard version of the Bf 109 in service with the Luftwaffe just before the start of World War II. This helped increase the effectiveness of the rudder, and reduced the need for application of right rudder on takeoff to counteract torque effects from the engine and propeller. [71] Up to July 1943, 1,242 G-4s were produced, with an additional four in Győr and WNF factories in the second half of 1943. The project was permanently abandoned in 1944.[113][114]. The Bayerische Flugzeugwerke (Bavarian Aircraft Company or BFW) was initially blocked from being sent contracts due to a long running feud between Willy Messerschmitt and the Secretary of State for Aviation, Erhard Milch. The wings were not modified to be folding since the ship Graf Zeppelin was designed around the intended aircraft, so the lifts could accommodate the Bf 109T with its 11 m (36 ft) wingspan. Omissions? [Notes 2] In addition, a larger 350 × 135 mm (14 × 5 in) tailwheel replaced the original 290 × 110 mm (11 × 4 in) one; the larger tailwheel no longer fitted the recess, so the retraction mechanism was disconnected and the tailwheel fixed down. [53], With its initial engine rating of 1,200 PS, the maximum speed of the F-4 (and F-3) was 635 km/h (394 mph) at rated altitude; and with the clearance of the full rating of 1,350 PS, maximum speed increased to 659 km/h (410 mph) at 6,200 m (20,341 ft). By this time, the Bf 109T was hopelessly outdated and a new fighter would be needed. [citation needed] With such a high rate of production, despite continuous heavy fighting, by the end of January 1945, 314 K-4s – about every fourth 109 – were listed on hand with the first line Luftwaffe units. Externally the K series could be identified by changes in the locations of the radio equipment hatch, which was moved forward and to a higher position between frames four and five and the filler point for the fuselage fuel tank, which was moved forward to a location between frames two and three. To improve on the performance afforded by the 441–515 kW (600–700 PS) Jumo 210, the larger, longer Daimler-Benz DB 601A engine was used, yielding an extra 223 kW (300 PS) at the cost of an additional 181 kg (400 lb). Prien and Rodeike 1995, pp. Messerschmitt Bf 109 G-2 Model G. The model F was followed in 1942 by the model G. This became the standard version in use by the Luftwaffe and so the most common Bf109. [27] this version never existed. 21 rockets (as on the Gustav models) could be carried after minimal preparation; the latter two were rarely used by Bf 109 units at this stage of the war, although III./JG 26 were almost completely equipped with K-4s which were fitted with R IV: ...apparently all of the K-4s supplied to III./JG 26 were also equipped with 20 mm-guns in the hated underwing tubs. The Bf 109A was the first version of the Bf 109. This canopy, which was also retrofitted to many E-1s and E-3s, was largely unchanged until the introduction of a welded, heavy-framed canopy on the G series in the autumn of 1942. Cross and Scarborough 1976, pp. It could be identified by the small, horn-shaped air intake for the cockpit compressor just above the supercharger intake, on the left upper cowling. [11], A total of 58 Bf 109Cs of all versions were built by Messerschmitt.[8][9]. The K-4 was the only version to be mass-produced.[95]. 21 cm (8 in) under-wing mortar/rockets and the 30 mm (1.18 in) MK 108 cannon increased firepower. Also, because of the engine's enlarged crankcase and the oil return lines which ran in front of it, these G-10s had small blister fairings incorporated into the lower engine cowlings, forward of and below the exhaust stacks, except for Erla-built aircraft, which had modified cowlings without the little bulges in front of the exhaust stacks. Contrary to popular belief the G-10 were not rebuilt older airframes but new production. A total of 561 of all E-4 versions were built,[13] including 496 E-4s built as such: 250 E-4, 211 E-4/B, 15 E-4/N and 20 E-4/BN. Resource on Messerschmitt Bf 109 performance. Communications equipment was the FuG 7 Funkgerät 7 (radio set) short-range radio apparatus, effective to ranges of 48–56 km (30–35 mi). The G-1, produced from February 1942, was the first production version of the G-series and the first production Bf 109 with a pressurized cockpit. [75] The G-5/AS was equipped with a DB 605AS engine for high-altitude missions. Uffz. This included adding a tail-hook, catapult fittings and increasing the wingspan to 11.08 m (36.35 ft). P-39 Airacobra versus Messerschmitt Bf 109: Airplane: P-39 Airacobra: Messerschmitt Bf 109: Country: USA: Germany: Type of aircraft: Fighter: MR Fighter: First Flight These factory codes were used by all second line aircraft, such as trainers, communication, some Air Service aircraft and others not engaged in operational use. In the proposed K-6 the armament would have been two 13 mm (.51 in) MG 131 above the engine, along with a 30 mm (1.18 in) MK 108 Motorkanone and an internally mounted MK 108 in each wing, with 45 rpg. The Spanish Air Force used Messerschmitts refitted with Rolls-Royce Merlin engines well into the 1960s, and the Bf 109 continued in production in Czechoslovakia after the war as the Avia 199. [87] The radio antenna mast was also removed from atop the rear fuselage turtledeck, and replaced with a standard late-war Luftwaffe ventral whip aerial antenna under the wing. Several G-2s were fitted with the ETC 500 bomb rack, capable of carrying one 250 kg (550 lb) bomb. [17][18], To improve the performance of the Bf 109E, the last two real prototypes (V16 and V17) were constructed. In 1934, Messerschmitt engineers sought to place the biggest possible engine in the smallest possible airframe, and make that airframe easy to produce and repair. A much bigger cooling area was needed to disperse the extra heat generated by the DB 601, and this led to the first major redesign of the basic airframe. In September 1940 it was part of the DVL (Deutsche Versuchsanstalt für Luftfahrt) at Brauschweig-Völkenrode with the Stammkennzeichen code KB+II. Variants included the D-0 and D-1 models, both having a Junkers Jumo 210D engine and armed with two wing-mounted and two nose-mounted 7.92 mm (.312 in) MG 17s. During the production run a variable-pitch propeller was introduced and often retrofitted to older aircraft; these were then unofficially known as B-2s. The Bf 109 was the most produced fighter aircraft in history with a total of 33,984 airframes produced from 1936 up to April 1945. The new shell required modifications to the MG FF's mechanism due to the different recoil characteristics, hence the MG FF/M designation. Designed by the Bavarian Airplane Company in response to a 1934 Luftwaffe specification for a high-performance single-seat fighter, the Bf 109 was, in essence, the smallest airframe that could be wrapped around the most powerful in-line aero engine available and still carry useful armament. It isn’t everyday we stumble across a barn find quite as remarkable as this Messerschmitt BF 109, or more accurately, this Hispano Aviación HA-1112. F-4 variants produced Hans A., Johann B. Kaiser and Klaus Peters W.R. `` Messerschmitt Bf 109G-5, G-6 G-14... Unlike the Rüstsatz kits were labelled with the idea of the short-lived Bf 109C began in wings... ``, Taylor, John R. Jr. and Jerry L. Campbell known ; is! 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