Suspending agent excipients help active pharmaceutical ingredients stay suspended in the formulation and prevent caking at the bottom of the container. viscosity and density of the external phase, the rate of sedimentation In this study the combination of the suspending agents showed better results in comparison with other formulations. E.g.Procaine ... Flocculating Agents Flocculating agents decreases zeta potential of ⦠stabilizing the product. that is, it should have high viscosity at low shear rates (during storage) this rate of settling, so that the suspension can be accurately dosed before and r2 is the density of the medium The formulation of a pharmaceutical suspension requires careful consideration of how to ensure homogeneous drug distribution during administration. Finally, drugs in suspension are chemically more stable than in solution. Physical stability in suspensions is controlled by (1) the addition A pharmaceutical suspension is a coarse dispersion of insoluble solid particles in a liquid medium. the surface charge on the suspended particles and allows the formation systems in which rapid particle settling is the primary factor leading of floccules or clusters as particles are held loosely together by weak 7. Suspending agent definition is - a substance (such as carrageenan, xanthan gum, or cellulose ether) that is added to fluids to promote particle suspension or dispersion and reduce sedimentation. Suspensions of insoluble drugs may also be used externally, often as protective agents. Flocculating agents decreases zeta potential of the suspended charged particle and thus cause aggregation (floc formation) of the particles. Background: Nitrofurantoin is a nitrofuran antibiotic that has been used for treatment of urinary tract against positive and negative bacteria. Caking. In an alkaline environment the particles repulse each other, this state is called "deflocculation". Flocculants are used in water treatment processes to improve the ⦠Settling or sedimentation is pro⦠Examples of flocculating agents are: PHARMACEUTICAL SUSPENSIONS: PATIENT COMPLIANCE ORAL DOSAGE FORMS *R. Santosh Kumar and T. Naga Satya Yagnesh GITAM Institute of Pharmacy, GITAM University, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam, A.P-530045. - KCl / NaCl Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of structural vehicles and flocculating agents on physical stability and rheological behavior of nitrofurantoin suspension. In addition, disagreeable tastes can be masked by a suspension of the drug or a derivative of the drug, an example of the latter being the drug chloramphenicol palmitate. to physical instability and lack of dosage uniformity in the product. Flocculating agents: Simple neutral electrolytes in solution that are capable of reducing the zeta potential of suspended charged particles to zero are considered to be primary flocculating agents. The action differs from precipitation in that, prior to flocculation, colloids are merely suspended, under the form of a stable dispersion, in a liquid and are not truly dissolved in solution. as well as pseudoplastic are desirable, since they recover slowly from the deformation that occurs through shearing (i.e. Flocculation modifiers: These are neutral electrolytes that are capable of preventing caking of suspended solids. The type of flocculant used depends on ⦠⢠Sulfate, citrates, phosphates salts and low viscosity at high shear rates (during shaking, pouring, or spreading). thus increase the rate of sedimentation. Types of flocculating agents â Electrolytes: alter the electrical barrier between particles and allow the flocs to form e.g. FVu/Vo. 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