Prior to enacting the nationwide smoking ban, the Ministry of Health had already maintained active involvement in decrying the negative effects of smoking and striving toward decreased prevalence of tobacco use. Some of them even smoke boldly in hospitals or schools.”[17] This is problematic because, regardless of whether these professionals continue to smoke out of habit, social custom, or "apparent disregard" for evidence of smoking risk, they are still expected to "behave themselves and set a good example for others in tobacco control," Li says. China smoking rate for 2014 was 26.10%, a 0.3% decline from 2013. Smoking is a major cause of disability, premature death and loss of productivity. The Chinese Association on Tobacco Control (中国控制吸烟协会 Zhōngguó kòngzhì xīyān xiéhuì) is engaged in tobacco control by members of the voluntary sector, including academic, social and mass organizations,[3] as strong enforcement of existing tobacco control laws is not supported by the Chinese Government. For the entire 20th century it is estimated that around 100 million people died prematurely because of smoking, most of them in rich countries. Tobacco smoking is one of the world’s largest health problems. However, people continue to die and become sick needlessly, and the costs to society from tobacco use continue to mount. Responding to criticism about the current legislation not being well enforced, Wang Yu, director of the China CDC explained that "This project would create strict legislation to guarantee 100-percent smoke-free public venues and workplaces and figure out a feasible and forceful working mechanism to enforce the smoking ban." Cigarette smoking among physicians, dentists, and nurses. Belgium, Czech Republic, Jordan, Russia and Syria complete the top 10. Tobacco smoking is one of the world’s largest health problems. According to Dr. Shigeru Omi, the WHO Regional Director for the Western Pacific region, "implementing the Convention will not be easy, as smoking is an ingrained habit in China ... but the Government has made clear its commitment to take action." China Tobacco Sichuan Industry leads, Corporación Habanos sees strong growth in imported cigars 2020 AND BEYOND COVID-19 impact Recovery and opportunities CATEGORY DATA Table 30 Sales of Cigars, Cigarillos and Smoking Tobacco by Category: Volume 2014-2019 Table 31 Sales of Cigars, Cigarillos and Smoking Tobacco by Category: Value 2014-2019 A decrease in cigarette smoking also happened in China, where the public smoking ban was stringently enforced with large fines attached. Smoking among Doctors: Governmentality, Embodiment, and the Diversion of Blame in Contemporary China. Physicians who smoke may also have a bias that prevents them from giving accurate information regarding the negative health effects of tobacco to patients. [20] Another survey done by public health experts from Fudan University which involved 800 hotel guests and around 4,000 patrons and employees of restaurants, shops and entertainment venues in Shanghai found that about 73 percent of the hotel guests said Shanghai should adopt a smoking ban in public areas, 84 percent of restaurant guests reported exposure to second-hand smoke, and 74 percent of them were annoyed by the fumes and support smoking controls. The meta-analysis by Emami et al. However, due to the Chinese government's complex relationship with tobacco policy (for instance, many localities rely upon tobacco tax revenue as a substantial source of income),[6] there have been many concerns about the practicality of the national policy's enforcement. In India, by comparison, the percentage of smokers among adult males, is less than half of China. Some 70.6% of non-smokers support some type of smoking ban in bars and restaurants.[11]. Furthermore, physicians in particular may resort to tobacco as a coping mechanism to deal with the day-to-day stress that is associated with long work hours and difficult patient interactions. An economic motivation against physician smoking may be the societal loss that is caused by tobacco use. Doctors who smoked were less likely to believe that smoking has a harmful effect on health compared to nonsmokers. Smoking in China is prevalent, as the People's Republic of China is the world's largest consumer and producer of tobacco: there are 350 million Chinese smokers, and China produces 42% of the world's cigarettes. "[15], Given the complex and multifaceted nature of political agendas in China, governmental public-health related interests often clash with economic interests. Prevalence of current tobacco use, males (% of male adults) from The World Bank: Data China smoking rate for 2016 was 25.60%, a 0.2% decline from 2015. [31], Smoking rates among Chinese male physicians are comparable to the country's general population, although overall physician rates are lower. The ban in shopping centres, department stores, supermarkets, banks and game arcades has been in place since July 1998. An article published in 2009 interviewed a source who claimed that 60% of Chinese male doctors were smokers, a percentage higher than any other country's doctors in the world. About 25 percent said they bought individual cigarettes rather than whole packs. [citation needed], The government mentioned, upon the release of the budget in 2009, that a full ban of tobacco import and smoking is technically possible. In 2007, Guangzhou and Jiangmen became Guangdong's first two cities for experimental enforcement of total smoking ban at some public places. Hangzhou's people's congress had approved to ban smoking in public and working places in the beginning of 2010; smoking may be prohibited in some places and violators may be fined up to 3000 yuan. Public health experts agree that it will be difficult to enforce a strict ban with the large number of smokers present in Shanghai.[20]. Smoking bans in lifts, public transport, cinemas, concert halls, airport terminal and escalators had been phased in between 1982 and 1997. 1986, Smoking in the People's Republic of China, WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project, State Administration of Radio, Film and Television, "The Political Mapping of China's Tobacco Industry and Anti-Smoking Campaign", "Smoke-free list extends to healthcare facilities", From 2011, Smoking Will Be Banned Completely in the Medical and Healthcare System, China To Ban Smoking In 7 Cities: Pilot Project, China Ratifies International Tobacco Treaty, Ahead of World Expo, China acts to promote smoking controls, Chinese Health Ministry Releases Landmark Anti-Smoking Report, "Special communication: China's first historic efforts to develop a tobacco control advocacy workforce via schools of public health", China relaxes smoking ban in Beijing restaurants, China moves to reduce smoking scenes on TV, Shanghai scrambles to implement ban on smoking in indoor public places ahead of World Expo, Smoking ban helps reduce fires in Beijing, Guangdong to launch stricter smoking ban at public places, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/life/2009-12/11/content_9161633.htm, "Contrasting male and female trends in tobacco-attributed mortality in China: evidence from successive nationwide prospective cohort studies", "Smoking causes 10% of deaths worldwide; even more in China", "The Chinese Government Is Getting Rich Selling Cigarettes", Cigarette Retail Trade in China Undergoes Drastic Changes, The most effective Alternative To Smoking, China Today: Health and Medicine Information, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Healthcare Security Administration, China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, Protocol to Eliminate Illicit Trade in Tobacco Products, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Smoking_in_China&oldid=992128515, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from December 2015, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2010, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2010, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, In addition to "strong social pressure placed upon Chinese men to smoke", it is also expected that female smoking will become "more socially acceptable as the tobacco industry increasingly targets female smokers.
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