As a soil becomes more dense, it is able to hold on to more nutrients, especially nitrogen. – Zoysia doesn’t require a lot of nutrition. Zoysia grass grows by sending out runners or ‘stolons’ both above and below ground so it grows and spreads by expanding sideways rather than growing upwards like other grasses. However, this will result in a sub-par lawn that can create and compound problems. This cultivar was developed in California, and it is extremely drought-tolerant. Always mow when the lawn is dry, and mow lawns in humid climates at a shorter height to encourage evaporation. Kill old turf/weeds. It doesn’t require frequent feeding. This is obviously the most expensive option. The pesticides used to treat grubs can be strong, so wear thick-soled shoes and gloves during application, and keep kids and pets off the lawn. However, zoysia grows best from sprigs, plugs, or sod, even if seed is an option. Bermuda does not tolerate shade, so taller mowing heights may reduce the spread, but it’s not very effective. Just break up the soil into clods and try to get a nice, even, soft seedbed. Zoysia should get .5”-1” of water per week. The only problem with summer dormancy is that it gives weeds and other grasses the opportunity to invade your sleeping turf. Dense, carpetlike growth and outstanding drought tolerance make zoysia grass (Zoysia spp.) As you continue to build up the soil each year, you can cut back on fertilizing and rely on the compost to provide nutrition. This will prevent spreading the fungus to the rest of the lawn. The good thing about these soils is that you can incorporate aged manures and compost for fertility, and the loose texture will leave plenty of wiggle room for zoysia’s dense root system. Meyer is a good option throughout the transition zone and on into cooler or shadier parts of the deep south. Empire is softer and more dense than Meyer, and it requires fewer fertilizer applications. Spring and fall damage is usually caused by adults, while summer damage is caused by larvae. Once your sprigs are planted, you need to water them immediately. Zoysia is the turf of choice for salty, coastal soils or areas near salted roadways. Emerald Zoysia is a very fine textured grass. The answer is, not much. In its optimal growing zones, this tough grass can deliver a beautiful, dense lawn with very little input from you. Whether you’re establishing a new lawn or troubleshooting an old one, our ultimate guide to Zoysia has everything you need to know to grow a healthy, low-maintenance, weed-free turf. Cavalier is also used for golf courses, but as a fairway or tee box grass. in Landscape Design/Organic Produce Production from the Nebraska College of Technical Agriculture. See Does Lawn Aeration Really Work? The basic fact about zoysia grass is that, unless it is grown in the right climate, it will cause more headaches than not. Aerate the day after dethatching, when the soil is still bare and moist. Will Zoysia Choke Out Fescue? St. Augustine vs. Zoysia: Which One Is Right For Your Lawn? Reel mowers are the easiest tools to use on low-growing grasses, because they cut blades of grass, while rotary mowers can tear and pull grass and damage the crowns. Consider a natural lawn fertilizer if you have pets and children playing in the yard. It is most common in cool, shady, moist areas of the lawn. However, the fewer plugs you use, the more likely weed seeds will take over the bare patches of your lawn before the zoysia fills in. If you can keep the grub population to a minimum, the aggressive nature of zoysia will allow it to outgrow the damage from remaining grubs. FERTILIZATION. To learn more read Will Zoysia Choke Out Fescue? From a distance, it may have the appearance of Fescue, except of course in the cooler months when it is dormant (unlike Bermuda grass, Zoysia never goes completely dormant). If you feel that your irrigation system isn't functioning properly, we would love to schedule a, tutorial on how to change your Gainesville irrigation timer settings, $95 One-Hour Irrigation Tune-up with Mike, schedule a meeting with our lawn pest control technician, Increasing the frequency (watering more often), Increasing the duration (minutes that the zones run). Chinch bugs are attracted to drought-stressed and nutrient-deficient lawns. Belair, also known as El Toro, is one of the most cold-hardy and shade-tolerant cultivars of Z. japonica. If these control methods do not resolve your rust problem, you can spray a fungicide on the affected areas. Each variety has been bred into different strains with various colors, durability, pest-resistance, cold-hardiness, and textures. It's only $95-$125 and lasts for 3 months (which is all we really need to make it through summer). Disposing of plant material: If you sprayed your lawn, it is best to take the dead plant material to a local yard waste dump. For a chemical-free treatment, try spreading diatomaceous earth (link to Amazon) over the infested area. You can do your part to manage water usage, and keep your lawn. Zoysia thrives in average soils. She has an A.A.S. bluegrass. If brown patch is a problem each spring, you may need to spray a preventative fungicide to keep spores under control. Under most conditions, zoysia can out-compete St. Augustine without too much intervention. If you’d rather not use chemicals, check out Dandelion Doom (link to Sunday). Nitrogen washes out of the soil easier than most other plant nutrients, so sandy soils are unable to hold on to synthetic fertilizers, even if they have a slow-release formula. Your lawn will not suffer from going dormant. Grubs are the larvae of Japanese beetles, and they feed on grass roots from July-September before they morph into adults. Most pests and diseases can be controlled before they do much damage. Just be careful to not overwork the soil. You can also use layers of cardboard or other solid materials that will block the sun. Mow zoysia weekly to remove infected blades and to encourage deep root growth. If zoysia is maintained properly, it can grow a thick, deep-green carpet that resists most pests, diseases, and weed infestations. Learn more about zoysia vs. centipede grass. If the area continues to grow larger, you will have to use a chemical treatment. If you live in a humid climate, you may only need to irrigate a few times during the summer. Once the plugs begin active growth, gradually back off on irrigation until the turf has filled in. Although Gainesville lawns have historically been St. Augustine grass, Zoysia has began making a major push as the turf of choice for a few years. The best way to prevent weed infestations is to follow a maintenance schedule that gives your lawn a healthy foundation with strong roots. It is a durable grass which can repair itself quickly and withstand heavy traffic. Fertilize with 1lb of nitrogen per year, split up into 2-3 applications over the spring and summer. Meyer is one of the more popular strains of Z. japonica due to its vigorous growth habit and rich, deep green color. It is best to remove as much plant material as possible before moving on to step 3. Dethatch in the spring after the first mowing. Z. japonica is coarse and dense, so it can be difficult to mow. Zoysia is one of the most shade-tolerant warm-season grasses, although tolerance does not mean preference. Regular mowing, watering, and fertilizing as seen earlier are the best ways to prevent these problems. For more information see St. Augustine vs. Zoysia: Which One Is Right For Your Lawn? Fertilize the lawn when it is about 50% green. During this period, Z. matrella cultivars are more high-maintenance. Zoysia prefers hot, dry summers, mild winters, and slightly acidic soils. Bag the clippings, and dispose of them in plastic bags. As compared to zoysia grass, which is a warm season grass, Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon) is a hot weather grass that grows aggressively in Southern states.Because of its fast growth rate, Bermuda grass needs more of everything than zoysia grass does: more water, more fertilizer, and more frequent mowing. Meyer is more pest resistant than some other Z. japonica cultivars. Much like human breathing, it’s essential to healthy grass. If some plants have already gone to seed, bag the grass clippings when you mow to prevent spreading the seeds across your lawn. When maintained at a low height, it may resemble a putting green. Sydney has over 15 years of experience in lawn maintenance, landscape design, and organic gardening. Spray fescue during the spring before zoysia comes out of dormancy. The dense growth pattern of zoysia grass, combined with mowing, will keep weeds at bay. Irrigate after topdressing to help the lawn begin to recover from dethatching and aerating. It is such a prolific nuisance that there are multiple sprays and chemical control... 5 Tips for Creating Beautiful, Low-Maintenance Flower Beds. Preventing Your Pet from Causing Urine Damage Water a patch of lawn after a dog urinates on it. Most future turf problems can be solved in the beginning by preparing a healthy foundation. Till when the soil is moist; not dry and not muddy. Zoysia will tolerate poor growing conditions. However, it is extremely important to realize how Zoysia grass reacts to drought and what makes it drought-tolerant. Pull up a tuft of grass to inspect for chinch bugs. In some climates, you may need to irrigate occasionally over the winter during extended dry periods. Zoysia is a dense turf, and with inconsistent mowing, it can build up a thick thatch layer. Soon, the lawn will have dead patches of grass that pull up like a loose carpet. Spread a ¼”-½” layer of compost over the lawn and rake it into the holes left by the aerator. Meyer Zoysia is a medium textured variety. Irrigate your lawn thoroughly the day before power raking. If your seedlings are growing during the heat of summer, you may need to irrigate more often and for a longer period of time. Irrigate once per week in the morning, to allow leaf blades to dry out before cooler nighttime temperatures. Short mowing heights generally keep crabgrass under control, because it never gets tall enough to go to seed. Actually, it's quite the opposite. Brown patch starts as a dark green, wet area of the lawn that slowly grows a small, yellow/orange ring around the perimeter, leaving dead grass at its center. Spread sod over your lawn, making sure to cut away holes for your irrigation system and any access covers. Z. japonica, also known as Japanese lawngrass or Korean lawn grass, is the most cold-hardy (source) and shade-tolerant variety of zoysia. With zoysia, you want to rent a core aerator and put it on an aggressive setting. What happened? Zoysia is an aggressive grower, so most lawns can fully recover after a full growing season. It seems that their urine is killing the grass or at least browning it for a week or so. Sprigs will go from green to brown in the first few weeks; this is normal. Do not remove cores after aerating. The best way to control Bermuda grass is to pick up and remove clippings and spray or dig up individual plants. Keep sod consistently moist for the first few weeks after planting. Put sprigs in a wheelbarrow or bucket and walk across the lawn planting sprigs every 6”. While most Z. japonica cultivars can only be propagated vegetatively, there are some cultivars that can be grown from seed. Consistent cold stress can attract pests and diseases to your lawn, so if you find yourself constantly repairing winter damage, it may be time to invest in a more cold-hardy lawn. Option 4: Let the sod company sprig your lawn. It isn't that it needs less water than St. Augustine lawns or that it stays green longer than St. Augustine, either. However, severe infections should be treated to prevent melting out. You can also download a copy for free if you’d like: Healthy lawns have fewer pest and disease problems. This will provide a healthy foundation for your turf that improves water retention, drainage, nutrient content, and overall health. Fescue is a bunching grass while zoysia is a creeping grass, so zoysia is able to choke out fescue under most growing conditions. Click Here to see the latest deals (link To Amazon). You will begin to notice billbug damage in early summer, when some patches of the lawn look like they never broke dormancy. This reduces the active nitrogen available to the plant and slowly feeds it consistently as it’s greening up. For centipede, St. Augustine, fescue and bluegrass lawns, there is no need to dethatch. For instance, its slower rate of growth means that it is low maintenance, but it can be tough to repair damaged sections. The closer you space plugs, the faster your lawn will fill in. However, if you mow every 10-14 days, you’re more likely to leave long grass clippings that don’t break down as quickly. Dethatch, aerate, and topdress in the spring to build up a healthy soil that fights off infections and infestations. While zoysia grass diseases are few, it never hurts to check into the most common zoysia grass problems whenever you notice zoysia dying in the lawn. Most turf diseases are caused by poor irrigation and mowing schedules. Drought tolerance. However, now you have brown spots in your Zoysia lawn and you want to know how to get them green again. Before you choose the cultivar for your lawn, research the varieties and cultivars that do well in your area. Centipede grass prefers more humid growing conditions than zoysia, so it can thrive in climates where zoysia suffers. If the thatch layer is over ½” thick, rent a power rake at a hardware store and follow the directions to dethatch your lawn. If your Zoysia lawn is suffering from dead spots this summer like the photo above, you aren't alone. This prevents fungal infection. Although zoysia is a slow starter, once it is established, it can choke out most weeds, and quickly repair damage due to cold temperatures or traffic. If desired you can fertilize 7 weeks later. Thriving Yard is an affiliate for companies including Amazon Associates and earn a commission on qualifying purchases. To control an existing billbug population, spray an insecticide that targets the adult beetles just after sunset, when they are most active. Lightly tamp plugs into place, but do not stomp on them. Thatch under 1/2” thick is healthy, and this can be maintained through frequent mowing with a reel mower. Fertilize after you have treated for chinch bugs to encourage zoysia to fill in any bare spots. This is the definition of a low-maintenance grass; it has few problems under normal growing conditions. Because the Zoysia is dormant, it will not be harmed by the over-seeding. Option 3: Rent a roller. Ironically, some of the best things about zoysia grass are also the things which make it a frustrating choice for a lawn. Zoysia Grass Problems. Z. matrella can tolerate light frost, although it may suffer after a few hard frosts. All living matter is … Fescue and zoysia don’t cross paths often, but when they do it’s not much of a fight. This helps to prevent compaction and improve water retention, which lowers your water and fertilizer bill. – Don’t overwater. – When you cut the grass, don’t ever cut more than 1/3 of the grass. One thing to note is that Zoysia grass establishes more slowly than some other warm season lawn grasses, but as it slowly grows it forms a very dense carpet of grass beneath that feels lush under foot. Care Of Established Zoysia Grass Lawns Diseases In Zoysia Varieties Some Zoysia varieties are subject to dollar spot, leaf spot, brown patch and rust. Billbugs feed on the crown and stolons of the grass, which are responsible for above-ground growth. You can plant Meyer from seed, but vegetative planting yields faster growth and denser turf. Learn more about establishing zoysia in clay soil. Zoysia should not be aerated in the fall because it goes dormant. There are three main varieties of zoysia; Z. japonica and Z. matrella are turf varieties, while Z. tenuifolia is a groundcover or ornamental grass. Clay soils either resist water or if they become saturated, they hold on to excess moisture for too long. While zoysia is considered a low-maintenance lawn, it still needs routine care and attention if you want a lush, weed-free carpet. Almost all common lawn diseases are the result of abnormal weather conditions or unfavorable microclimates within your lawn. If you’re able to start from scratch and establish a new lawn, you can get a head start on soil improvement by mixing in a thick layer of compost to your topsoil. Some weeds can be controlled with preventative sprays, but other, invasive warm-season grasses are more difficult to remove. A slow-release fertiliser works fine in delivering the medium quantity of nitrogen Zoysia turfs need. Billbugs are brownish beetles with an elongated snout. Centipede grass does not tolerate drought, so one of the best deterrents for centipede grass is to allow your lawn to go dormant during the summer. Zoysia is a dense grass, and under the right conditions, it can choke out most weeds and other grasses without too much chemical intervention. Cavalier grows into a thick, lush, deep green carpet. However, if you live in a cooler climate area, you may choose to dye your Zoysia lawn green. Zeon is considered to be one of the best overall zoysia cultivars, with its only real drawback being a slow establishing period and limited availability. Invasive – Zoysia grass is a very invasive grass. At this point, you should be able to resume a normal irrigation schedule, but keep a close eye on fresh sod and irrigate more often if necessary. The best way to prevent brown patch is to avoid overwatering, and to irrigate first thing in the morning, to give the leaves time to dry off and prevent splashing the fungus onto healthy patches of grass. It is one of the most shade tolerant cultivars, and it can handle extremely short mowing heights. This can help deter them from doing further damage. Sprigs are 4”-6” sections of rhizomes and stolons without a root system. Zoysia can tolerate most soils and climates as long as the winters are not too cold. Lush, colorful flower beds increase curb appeal while attracting bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds. The lack of shade tolerance makes Empire more susceptible to brown patch; a fungus that thrives in humid, shady parts of the lawn. Soil preparation for zoysia will be similar to most other grasses. Sprigging is similar to seeding, but it has a higher success rate. In low wear areas, Empire Zoysia will tolerate up to 50% shade, while in moderate to high wear areas it can tolerate up to 30% shade. Crabgrass spreads through rhizomes, stolons, and seeds; one plant can send out over 700 runners and produce over 150,000 seeds in a single growing season. They hold shape, but can’t be molded. Thriving Yard is a privately owned website. The only lawns where fescue might become a real problem is in areas where the winters are on the verge of being too cold for zoysia. Zoysia has a deep, strong root system that can penetrate compacted soils and withstand the drought stress that is a common side effect of clay soil. Try pruning the surrounding landscape to allow sunlight into the area. The best way to prevent broadleaf weeds is to encourage zoysia to fill in bare patches of soil through consistent maintenance and soil building. Water 4-5 times per day, like you would with seeds, and keep watering until you see active growth. Spread a 3”-6” layer of compost over the soil and till it in. Although zoysia is an aggressive grass that can heal from winter kill, this can slow down the turf’s ability to choke out weeds during the summer and repair high-traffic areas. While rust is rarely a real danger to your lawn, it is unsightly and it can get out of hand in humid climates. Bury 2/3 of each sprig with a few inches of soil. You can also use a rotary mower, but you should sharpen the blades once a month during the growing season. Be sure to mark gas lines, water lines, and electrical lines with spray paint or flags. Zoysia is a beautiful, thick, deep green turf grass that is easy to maintain in the right climate. Zoysia is one of the grasses that are most susceptible to rust. Zoysia actually turns brown before St. Augustine when facing drought stress and needs the same amount of water to stay green. Moist, shady environments, whether hot or cool, will result in diseases for zoysia lawns. If you mixed compost into the soil, your lawn will not need to be fertilized until the following year. Clay can be so dense that nutrients are not able to move into the root zone of a plant. Instead of Roundup, consider an organic non-selective herbicide like Weed Warrior (Link to Sunday Lawns). Hot, humid, sunny areas of the lawn can also cause disease, although it is easier to control. Spray a preventative herbicide each spring to prevent weed seeds from germinating, and pull up any surviving plants before they go to seed. If your Zoysia lawn is suffering from dead spots this summer like the photo above, you aren't alone. The best way to prevent dying, brown patches of grass in any lawn is to follow the proper maintenance schedule and to continue to build up a … Rust spores are always present in a lawn, but they take 1-2 weeks to infect and damage a blade of grass. Average soils can support zoysia without much chemical intervention. Spread out no more than about 1/2 inch of sand over low spots in mid to late spring when the zoysia grass is actively growing and it will quickly grow through the added material. The best remedy for sandy, nitrogen-deficient soils is topdressing and leaving grass clippings on the lawn. Zoysia grass faces gardening problems such as early browning, brown crown spots, and spots, rust that hinder its growth. It’s dense growth habit and aggressive growth habit allow it to heal from winter kill and heavy foot traffic if it has enough sunlight and moisture. Mow the lawn when it is over 2” tall, and mow it at least once before dormancy. Zoysia Grass vs Bermuda Grass . Adding extra seed to an area will not help it fill in faster. Z. japonica is coarse and dense, so it can be difficult to mow. A zoysia grass lawn is frequently touted as the cure all for the homeowner’s lawn cares. As the climates become more humid, or the soils are more alkaline, zoysia becomes an increasingly more high-maintenance turf grass. See Best Fertilizer For A Clay Soil Lawn: Why Ingredients Matter. Average soils are crumbly without being sandy. Rent (or buy) a heavy-duty tiller. Bermuda is an aggressive, low-growing grass that is nearly impossible to remove because it spreads through rhizomes, stolons, and seed. a welcome alternative to water-greedy lawn grasses in much of the United States. Lawns with adequate sunlight, irrigation, and fertilization will grow enough to be mowed weekly, which removes the spores before they can do any damage. 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