Sunlight streams through the atmosphere and heats the Earth. This figure shows the change with time of the area at various pressure levels at which the temperature is below that which forms Polar Stratospheric Clouds(PSC) Type I (nitric acid trihydrate - NAT). View more Images of the Day: May 25, 2000. Jinyou Liang, in Chemical Modeling for Air Resources, 2013. tinachmielewski. I want to know the origin of nitrogic acid or the surfurric acid within these clouds. Trade winds, westerlies, and polar easterlies. Create. I've gotten into polar stratospheric cloud formations, and I'm not quite sure how they are formed. They are often found downwind of mountain ranges, which can induce gravity waves in the lower stratosphere. what does ozone shield us from. The … Global Warming & Stratospheric Ozone Exam. Atmospheric Window. Observations of polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) date back to the end of the 19th century. Polar stratospheric clouds form at extremely low temperatures in the upper atmosphere. The polar stratospheric clouds in Antarctica are only formed when there are very low temperatures, as low as −80 °C, and early spring conditions. Greenhouse Gases. 11 terms. An area in the stratosphere where ozone is highly concentrated. When temperatures fall below about -80 degrees, high-altitude clouds made of water and nitric acid begin to form. Animal respiration. Risen some years and fallen other years but has increased overall. Stratospheric Ozone Quiz . In this visualization, sequential temperature readings taken in the research area for SOLVE (Stratospheric Ozone Loss and Validation Experiment) are plotted against a threshold temperature for PSC formation. Although polar stratospheric clouds can form in the Arctic, they rarely last long enough for extensive decreases in ozone. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The increasing greenhouse gases in our atmosphere result in increasing the average temperature on Earth. May 30, 2000. (3) They can distinguish high clouds from low clouds. (4) They can detect water vapor, which is invisible to the eye. These high altitude clouds form only at very low temperatures help destroy ozone in two ways. Very high-level stratiform Nitric acid and water polar stratospheric Sometimes known as type 1, a thin sheet-like cloud resembling cirrostratus or haze. During winter at high latitudes, however, stratospheric temperature sometimes becomes low enough to promote formation of clouds. C22-Polar Vortex-Ozone Hole-Ozone Depletion-Polar Stratospheric Clouds - Geography, Environment - Duration: 17:49. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. It seems as though it is possible that these clouds are formed also in pure water crystals. During the summer, sunlight in the Northern Hemisphere shines... Chlorine atoms are released from polar stratospheric clouds. Yet, these inclusions of Nitric or Sulfuric acids, are they from human activities? Should the temperature rise, clouds won't form. At low temperatures over the winter polar areas (195 K or -78 C), nitric acid (HNO3) and sulfur-containing gases condense with water vapor to form solid and liquid PSC particles. At even lower temperatures(188 K … The gases the do absorb and radiate heat. The average global temperature has ________ during the 20th century. La Nina is the _______ phase of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle. Polar stratospheric clouds are clouds in the winter polar stratosphere at altitudes of 15,000–25,000 m. They are best observed during civil twilight, when the Sun is between 1 and 6 degrees below the horizon, as well as in winter and in more northerly latitudes. Polar Stratospheric Clouds (PSCs) In winter the polar stratosphere is so cold (-80°C or below) that certain trace atmospheric constituents can condense. PSCs are wave clouds. But in the long months of polar darkness over Antarctica in the winter, atmospheric conditions are unusual. Gravity. EFFECTS OF POLAR STRATOSPHERIC CLOUDS ON OZONE the sensitivity of Oa to changes in stratospheric chlo- rine loading [Hofmann and Solomon, 1989; Considine et al., 1992; Granier and Brasseur, 1992]. Polar stratospheric clouds form at extremely low temperatures in the upper atmosphere. This does not reduce CO2 in the atmosphere. Test. Antarctica has 5-6 months of these temperatures. Log in Sign up. Polar stratospheric clouds are clouds that occur in the lower stratosphere at very low temperatures. I want to know the origin of nitric acid or the sulfuric acid within these clouds. Their sheet-like forms slowly undulate and stretch as the waves evolve. Therefore, the ozone depletion in … Video shows what polar stratospheric cloud means. Polar stratospheric clouds form at very high altitudes in polar regions of the stratosphere. The Polar Stratospheric Clouds that form during the polar winter in the stratosphere, altitudes of 15,000 to 25,000 meters. A continues record of annual average atmospheric CO2 concentrations from Mauna Loa, Hawaii Revels. A polar winter vortex also forms in the Northern Hemisphere. C22-Polar Vortex-Ozone Hole-Ozone Depletion-Polar Stratospheric Clouds - Geography, Environment - Duration: 17:49. In this visualization, sequential temperature readings taken in the research area for SOLVE (Stratospheric Ozone Loss and Validation Experiment) are plotted against a threshold temperature for PSC formation. Air motions move ozone depleting substances to the atmosphere. Although polar stratospheric clouds can form in the Arctic, they rarely last long enough for extensive decreases in ozone. I've gotten into polar stratospheric cloud formations, and I'm not quite sure how they are formed. Latitude strongly influences climate because _______ solar energy falls on areas that are closer to the equator than to the poles. Arctic ozone decreases of as much as 40 percent have been measured. This pho - tograph of an Arctic polar stratospheric cloud (PSC) was taken from the ground at Kiruna, Sweden (67°N), on 27 January 2000. Polar stratospheric clouds or PSCs, also known as nacreous clouds (/ ˈ n eɪ k r iː. Phytoplankton, Tropical Rain Forests, and Oceans. Polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) are the exception. It seems as though it is possible that these clouds are formed also in pure water crystals. (5) They can be placed in an orbit … Heteroge- neous reactions on SSAs also change model predictions of Oa depletion due to HSCTs significantly [Ko and Weisenstein, 1993]. Terms in this set (36) Dipole Moment. Asymmetric Stretch. Spell. The clouds … These are the highest flying of all clouds and only occur in polar regions where the temperature in the upper atmosphere dips below minus 100F. the long term prevailing weather conditions at a particular place based upon records taken, distance from the equator measured in degrees north or south of the equator, the short term periodic change in the location of warm and cold water masses in the Pacific Ocean, the water in the eastern Pacific Ocean is cooler than usual, an area in the stratosphere where ozone is highly concentrated, a class of human-made chemicals that scientists thought were damaging the ozone layer, a thinning of stratospheric ozone that occurs over the poles during the spring, high-altitude clouds made of water and nitric acid that form when temperatures fall below about -80 degrees C, increase in the average temperature of earth's surface, requires developed countries to decrease emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases by an average of 5 percent below their 1990 levels by 2012. 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